U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
Datums Page                                                        Page  1 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9455128                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       BEAR COVE                                         
            AK
NOAA Chart: 16682                           Latitude:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80170)
USGS Quad:  BLYING SOUND (D-7)              Longitude: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


To reach the tidal benchmarks from Seward via boat, proceed 15 km (8 nm) SSE
along Resurrection Bay to Calisto Head, then 32.4 km (17.6 nm) south along
Resurrection Bay to Aialik Cape, then 8.5 km (4.6 nm) NNW along Aialik Bay to
the southwestern point of Three Hole Bay, then 5.5 km (3.0 nm) north along
Aialik Bay to the mouth of Bear Cove, then 2.8 km (1.5 nm) NE to the tide
station. The bench marks are located along the shoreline.  The tide station was
located on the hillside in the trees above bench mark 5128 D 2000.


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                 PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING:  9455128 D 2000
                         DESIGNATION:          945 5128 D

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16367
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Rock outcrop                          OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80200)          LONGITUDE: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


The primary benchmark is a disk set in a rock outcrop where the rocky shore
takes an abrupt turn from E-W to N-S orientation in this vicinity, 19 m (62 ft)
SE of benchmark 9455128 C 2000, 9 m (30 ft) west of benchmark 9455128 E 2000, 3
m (10 ft) from vegetation line, and 2 m (7 ft) below vegetation line.  

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  2 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9455128                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       BEAR COVE                                         
            AK
NOAA Chart: 16682                           Latitude:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80170)
USGS Quad:  BLYING SOUND (D-7)              Longitude: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  9455128 A 2000
                         DESIGNATION:          945 5128 A

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16364
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Rock outcrop                          OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80200)          LONGITUDE: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


The benchmark is a disk set in a sloping rock outcrop projecting 3 m (10 ft) NNW
from the shore, 15 m (49 ft) north of benchmark 9455128 C 2000, 6 m (19 ft)
north of benchmark 9455128 B 2000, 2 m (8 ft) from the vegetation line, and 2 m
(5 ft) below the vegetation line.      



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  9455128 B 2000
                         DESIGNATION:          945 5128 B

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16365
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Survey (NOS)           IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Rock outcrop                          OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80200)          LONGITUDE: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


The benchmark is a disk set in a shoulder of rock outcrop, 9 m (29 ft) north of
benchmark 9455128 C 2000, 6 m (19 ft) south of benchmark  9455128 A 2000, 1 m (4
ft) from the vegetation line, 1 m (3 ft) north of a large overhanging spruce
tree, and 1 m (4 ft) below the vegatation line.  

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  3 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9455128                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       BEAR COVE                                         
            AK
NOAA Chart: 16682                           Latitude:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80170)
USGS Quad:  BLYING SOUND (D-7)              Longitude: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  9455128 C 2000
                         DESIGNATION:          945 5128 C

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16366
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Rock outcrop                          OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80200)          LONGITUDE: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


The benchmark is a disk set in a rock outcropping, 19 m (62 ft) NW of benchmark
9455128 D 2000, 15 m (49 ft) south of benchmark 9455128 A 2000, 9 m (29 ft)
south of benchmark 9455128 B 2000, 2 m (8 ft) from vegetation line, and 2 m (6
ft) below vegatation line.    



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  9455128 E 2000
                         DESIGNATION:          945 5128 E

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16368
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Rock outcrop                          OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80200)          LONGITUDE: 149° 36.8' W (-149.61300)


The benchmark is a disk set in a 1 m (2 ft) wide shoulder of a rock outcrop
which drops off nearly vertical a few feet south of the mark, 9 m (30 ft) east
of benchmark 9455128 D 2000, 2 m (5 ft) from vegetation line, and 3 m (10 ft)
below vegetation line.      

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  4 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9455128                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       BEAR COVE                                         
            AK
NOAA Chart: 16682                           Latitude:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80170)
USGS Quad:  BLYING SOUND (D-7)              Longitude: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


                            T I D A L   D A T U M S 


Tidal datums at BEAR COVE based on:

     LENGTH OF SERIES:      4 Months
     TIME PERIOD:           July 2000 - October 2000
     TIDAL EPOCH:           1983-2001
     CONTROL TIDE STATION:  9455090 SEWARD, RESURRECTION BAY


Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:

     MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER                     MHHW   =  3.223
     MEAN HIGH WATER                            MHW    =  2.950
     MEAN SEA LEVEL                             MSL    =  1.683
     MEAN TIDE LEVEL                            MTL    =  1.680
     MEAN LOW WATER                             MLW    =  0.409
     MEAN LOWER LOW WATER                       MLLW   =  0.000

North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)

Bench Mark Elevation Information                In METERS above:

     Stamping or Designation                    MLLW        MHW

     9455128 D 2000                              3.496    0.546
     9455128 A 2000                              3.656    0.706
     9455128 B 2000                              3.899    0.949
     9455128 C 2000                              3.387    0.437
     9455128 E 2000                              3.500    0.550


                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  5 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9455128                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       BEAR COVE                                         
            AK
NOAA Chart: 16682                           Latitude:   59° 48.1' N (  59.80170)
USGS Quad:  BLYING SOUND (D-7)              Longitude: 149° 36.9' W (-149.61500)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch.  It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).

NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint.  NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights.  Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded.  NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads.  NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929.  Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.

The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.

The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum.  As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.