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National Ocean Service
Datums Page Page 1 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
To reach the tidal bench marks from the main Juneau Post Office main entrance at
9th and D Streets, proceed SW one block to Glacier Avenue, turn left onto
Glacier Avenue and proceed 0.2 km (0.1 mi), bear left at the Y intersection onto
Willoughby Avenue and follow it 0.3 km (0.2 mi) to Whittier Street, turn right
onto Whittier Street and proceed 0.4 km (0.3 mi) (across Egan Drive) to the U.S.
Coast Guard Pier. The bench marks are in the general vicinity. Turn right (SW)
from the main Coast Guard pier and proceed 73.15 m (240.0 ft) to the tide house.
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2210 C 1982
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 C
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1196
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Rock outcrop OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.0' N ( 58.30014) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.6' W (-134.41072)
The primary bench mark is a disk set in a bedrock outcrop that projects from the
NE corner of the State Archives and Records Center Building at 141 Willoughby
Avenue, 33.80 m (110.9 ft) NE of Willoughby Avenue, 2.60 m (8.5 ft) SW of a
wooden door that covers an abandoned mine shaft, 0.40 m (1.3 ft) east of the
east building wall, and 0.30 m (1.0 ft) above ground level.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 2 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 TIDAL 8
ALIAS: 8 1922
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1188
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey
(USC&GS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Building OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.1' N ( 58.30097) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.5' W (-134.40758)
The bench mark is set vertically in the east corner of the Goldstein Building on
the SW side of Seward Street between Front and Second Streets, 6.20 m (20.3 ft)
SW of Seward Street, 5.20 m (17.0 ft) SE of the entrance to tthe Friends of the
Alaska State Museum Shop, 0.15 m (0.5 ft) back from the NE face of the building,
and 0.15 m (0.5 ft) above the sidewalk level. NOTE: The mark is not completely
vertical and care must be taken when setting up the levelling rod. NOTE 1988:
Mark is painted and all stamping is illegible.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 12 1945
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 TIDAL 12
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1191
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey
(USC&GS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete facade OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.1' N ( 58.30153) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.5' W (-134.40883)
The bench mark is a disk set in the top of the concrete facade of the Key Bank
building at 234 Seward Street midway between two large columns, 8.10 m (26.6 ft)
south of a green lamp standard (T-407) at the east corner of the intersection of
Third and Seward Streets, 4.90 m (16.1 ft) SE of the north corner of the
building, 0.10 m (0.3 ft) NE of the NE wall of the building, and 0.67 m (2.2 ft)
above the sidewalk level.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 3 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2210 D 1984
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 D
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1197
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete rail OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.0' N ( 58.30014) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.4' W (-134.40733)
The bench mark is a disk set on top of the western 0.75 m (2.5 ft) wide concrete
rail bordering a brick ramp that leads to the north entrance of the First Bank
building, 49.80 m (163.5 ft) SE of Front Street, 23.50 m (77.0 ft) SW of Seward
Street, 12.30 m (40.5 ft) NW of the recessed NE corner of the building, 9.60 m
(31.4 ft) NE of a night deposit box on the NW side of the building, 0.40 m (1.3
ft) SW of the NE side of the concrete rail, and 0.94 m (3.1 ft) above the level
of the ramp.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2210 E 1984
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 E
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 1198
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete slab OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.0' N ( 58.30058) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41169)
The bench mark is a disk set in the concrete floor of the ground level parking
garage at the State Office Building at 333 Willoughby Avenue, 23.90 m (78.3 ft)
NE of Willoughby Avenue, 21.60 m (71.0 ft) east of the western-most of two flag
poles on the south face of the building, 10.20 m (33.5 ft) SE of the State of
Alaska seal measured from the "L" in Alaska, 0.40 m (1.3 ft) below the lower
edge of the 0.30 m x 0.67 m (1.0 ft x 2.2 ft) concrete guard rail surrounding
the parking area, and 0.3 m (1.0 ft) above the ground level.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 4 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2210 H 1997
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 H
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 13762
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.0' N ( 58.29997) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.6' W (-134.40967)
The bench mark is a disk set in a bedrock outcrop behind the Goldbelt Hotel at
53 Egan Drive, 13.40 m (44.0 ft) WNW of the NE corner of hotel building, 3.80 m
(12.6 ft) north of the back wall, 3.40 m (11.0 ft) east of the concrete ruins of
an old building foundation, and 1.00 m (3.3 ft) above ground level.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2200 M 2017
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 M
MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 22341
AGENCY: National Ocean Service IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Mass of concrete OPUS PID#: BBFQ10
LATITUDE: 58° 18.0' N ( 58.29992) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.9' W (-134.41442)
The bench mark is a disk set in in the NW corner of a 1.5 m (4.9 ft) x 2.7 m
(8.9 ft) concrete electric vault, 21 m (68.9 ft) SE of nimbus sculpture monument
at the A.P. Kasheveroff State Library archives and Museum, 10.5 m (34.4 ft) SW
of the centerline of Whittier St, 6.5 m (21.3 ft) north of the centerline of
Third Avenue, 5 m (18.0 ft) NW of corner of Whittier St and Third Avenue west,
1.8 m (5.9 ft) SW of street lamp number t664.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 5 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 2200 N 2017
DESIGNATION: 945 2210 N
MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 22342
AGENCY: National Ocean Service IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Mass of concrete OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 58° 18.1' N ( 58.30122) LONGITUDE: 134° 24.9' W (-134.41433)
The bench mark is a disk set on the top of the SW side of a 1.35 m (4.4 ft)
diameter concrete manhole, 0.3 m (1.0 ft) above grade, 29 m (95.1 ft) SE of the
centerline of West Wiloughby Avenue, 17.5 m north of the Alaska Department of
Environmental Affairs east entrance at 410 West Wiloughby Avenue, and 7.0 m
(23.0 ft) NE of the eastern face of the Alaska Department of Environmental
Affairs building.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 6 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
T I D A L D A T U M S
Tidal datums at JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS based on:
LENGTH OF SERIES: 19 YEARS
TIME PERIOD: Jan '83 - Dec '01 & Jan '12 - Dec '16
TIDAL EPOCH: 2012-2016
CONTROL TIDE STATION:
Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:
HIGHEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (11/02/1948) = 7.636
MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER MHHW = 4.971
MEAN HIGH WATER MHW = 4.676
MEAN SEA LEVEL MSL = 2.617
MEAN TIDE LEVEL MTL = 2.582
MEAN LOW WATER MLW = 0.488
MEAN LOWER LOW WATER MLLW = 0.000
LOWEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (12/14/2008) = -1.724
North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)
Bench Mark Elevation Information In METERS above:
Stamping or Designation MLLW MHW
2210 C 1982 9.202 4.526
945 2210 TIDAL 8 12.078 7.402
12 1945 18.445 13.769
2210 D 1984 11.085 6.409
2210 E 1984 10.584 5.908
2210 H 1997 10.231 5.555
2200 M 2017 8.420 3.744
2200 N 2017 8.846 4.170
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 7 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
Foot Notes:
Bench marks 2200 M 2017 & 2200 N 2017 are based on one differential leveling
connection and do not meet the quality control standards of the NOS. Therefore,
caution should be used when deriving elevations for these marks.
Certain geographic areas are experiencing rapid land movement due to uplift or
subsidence, which results in anomalous relative sea level trends compared to
most other coastal regions in the United States
(http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/index.shtml). In these areas, NOAA
has adopted a modified procedure for computing accepted tidal datums for the
National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON). The long-term control stations
in these areas have tidal datums reviewed approximately every 5 years, and if
they meet the criteria for an update, the 5-year period used for the modified
procedure will be listed in the Time Period section for the datums. The adoption
of this procedure was necessary to ensure that these tidal datums accurately
represent the existing stand of sea level relative to the land. A detailed
report explaining this modified procedure can be found in the publications
section of the CO-OPS Tides & Currents website at
http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/pub.html.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 8 of 8
Station ID: 9452210 PUBLICATION DATE: 02/16/2018
Name: JUNEAU, GASTINEAU CHANNEL, STEPHENS PASS
AK
NOAA Chart: 17315 Latitude: 58° 17.9' N ( 58.29830)
USGS Quad: JUNEAU B-2 Longitude: 134° 24.7' W (-134.41200)
D E F I N I T I O N S
Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch. It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).
NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint. NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights. Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded. NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads. NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929. Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.
The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.
The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum. As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.