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Datums Page Page 1 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
To reach the tidal benchmarks by boat from the harbor in Sitka, AK proceed 7.24
km (4.5 mi) NW then 3.38 km (2.1 mi) north towards Lisianki Peninsula, turn left
and proceed 12.71 km (7.9 mi) through Olga Strait to Olga Point, turn left at
Olga Point and then right at Neva Point, proceed 1.45 km (0.9 mi) NW through
Whitestone Narrows to Whitestone Point. The benchmarks are located along the
shoreline north and south of Day Marker Red #14. The tide gauges were bolted to
rock and driven into the seafloor at the point 30.0 m (98.4 ft) NW of the day
marker.
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING: CORN 2 1948
DESIGNATION: CORN 2
MONUMENTATION: Triangulation Station disk VM#: 20991
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USGS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Boulder OPUS PID#: UV0936
LATITUDE: 57° 14.7' N ( 57.24450) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.7' W (-135.56208)
The primary bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in
Whitestone Narrows, 13.00 m (42.7 ft) north of Day Marker Red #14, 12.38 m (40.6
ft) NNW of reference mark CORN 2 RM 2, 10.20 m (33.5 ft) WSW of a 0.70 m (2.3
ft) diameter evergreen tree, and 5.30 m (17.4 ft) SW of the vegetation line.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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National Ocean Service
Page 2 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: CORN 2 RM 2 1948
DESIGNATION: CORN 2 RM 2
MONUMENTATION: Triangulation Station disk VM#: 20992
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USGS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.7' N ( 57.24442) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.7' W (-135.56222)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone
Narrows, 10.91 m (35.8 ft) west of the vegetation line, 9.23 m (30.3 ft) WNW of
the end of the rock outcrop the reference mark is set in, 0.76 m (2.5 ft) ENE of
the NW corner of the concrete foundation for Day Marker Red #14, and 0.70 m (2.3
ft) east of the NE corner of the concrete foundation for Day Marker Red #14.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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National Ocean Service
Page 3 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: DRINK 2 1948
DESIGNATION: DRINK 2
MONUMENTATION: Triangulation Station disk VM#: 20993
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USGS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.5' N ( 57.24136) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.6' W (-135.56036)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone
Narrows SE of Day Marker Red #14, 13.10 m (43.0 ft) SSE of reference mark DRINK
2 RM 2, 4.60 m (15.1 ft) NW of the largest rock outcrop in the vicinity, 3.49 m
(11.4 ft) NW of reference mark DRINK 2 RM 1, 2.10 m (6.9 ft) east of the west
edge of the outcrop, and 0.41 m (1.4 ft) west of the east edge of the outcrop.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1741 A 2013
DESIGNATION: 945 1741 A
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 20994
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.6' N ( 57.24294) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.6' W (-135.56075)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone
Narrows SE of Day Marker Red #14, 4.90 m (16.1 ft) WSW of two clumps of 0.20 m
(0.7 ft) diameter spruce trees, 2.60 m (8.5 ft) NW of the largest bedrock
protrusion in the vicinity, 1.05 m (3.4 ft) south of the north edge of the
outcrop, 0.70 m (2.3 ft) west of the east edge of the outcrop, and 0.49 m (1.6
ft) ESE of the west edge of the outcrop.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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National Ocean Service
Page 4 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1741 B 2013
DESIGNATION: 945 1741 B
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 20995
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.4' N ( 57.24000) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.5' W (-135.55828)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone
Narrows SE of Day Marker Red #14, 13.70 m (44.9 ft) NE of the edge of the
bedrock, 8.40 m (27.6 ft) NW of small clumps of 0.20 m (0.7 ft) diameter spruce
trees, 7.75 m (25.4 ft) south of a 0.61 m (2.0 ft) diameter spruce tree, and
5.40 m (17.7 ft) SSW of the vegetation line.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1741 C 2013
DESIGNATION: 945 1741 C
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 20996
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.3' N ( 57.23878) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.4' W (-135.55642)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop point on Whitestone Point in
Whitestone Narrows SE of Day Marker Red #14, 16.30 m (53.5 ft) SSE of a
prominent bedrock outcrop with a 0.30 m (1.0 ft) diameter spruce tree growing
out of it, 5.70 m (18.7 ft) ENE of the bedrock outcrop end, 3.40 m (11.2 ft) SW
of the most prominent outcrop in vicinity, 0.50 m (1.6 ft) south of the north
edge of the top of the rock outcrop, and 0.45 m (1.5 ft) east of the west edge
of the top of the rock outcrop.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 5 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: TIDAL 1
DESIGNATION: 945 1741 TIDAL 1
MONUMENTATION: Bolt VM#: 20997
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USGS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper bolt in bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.7' N ( 57.24572) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.7' W (-135.56167)
The bench mark is a 1-inch copper bolt with a chiseled cross set in a rock
outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone Narrows NNE of Day Marker Red #14,
5.33 m (17.5 ft) WSW of 2.50 m (8.2 ft) high rock outcrop, 2.80 m (9.2 ft) NNE
of a 0.46 m (1.5 ft) diameter evergreen tree growing out of a 1.83 m x 1.22 m x
0.91 m (6.0 ft x 4.0 ft x 3.0 ft) bedrock outcrop, 2.46 m (8.1 ft) E of a 0.15 m
(0.5 ft) diameter spruce tree, and 0.52 m (1.7 ft) below the top of the rock
outcrop.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: TIDAL 2
DESIGNATION: 945 1741 TIDAL 2
MONUMENTATION: Bolt VM#: 20998
AGENCY: US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USGS) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper bolt in bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.7' N ( 57.24556) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.7' W (-135.56136)
The bench mark is a 1-inch copper bolt with a chiseled cross set in a rock
outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone Narrows NE of Day Marker Red #14, 6.16
m (20.2 ft) east of a rock face with one 0.46 m (1.5 ft) diameter spruce tree
and one 0.61 m (2.0 ft) diameter spruce tree growing out of it, 5.55 m (18.2 ft)
NNW of a 0.61 m (2.0 ft) diameter evergreen tree, 1.96 m (6.4 ft) SSW of the
bedrock outcrop, and 15 cm (0.2 ft) below the top of the rock outcrop.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 6 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: BRIAN 2005
DESIGNATION: BRIAN 2005
MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 20999
AGENCY: US Army Corps of Engineers (DOD) IDB PID#:
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bedrock OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 57° 14.7' N ( 57.24539) LONGITUDE: 135° 33.7' W (-135.56247)
The bench mark is a disk set in a rock outcrop on Whitestone Point in Whitestone
Narrows NNW of Day Marker Red #14, 33.98 m (111.5 ft) NW of the vegetation line,
10.91 m (35.8 ft) WSW of a bedrock outcrop measuring 6.70 m x 5.40 m (22.0 ft x
17.7 ft), and 2.70 m (8.9 ft) west of the edge of the bedrock.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 7 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
T I D A L D A T U M S
Tidal datums at WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT based on:
LENGTH OF SERIES: 1 MONTH
TIME PERIOD: May 2013 - May 2013
TIDAL EPOCH: 1983-2001
CONTROL TIDE STATION: 9451600 SITKA, BARONOF ISLAND, SITKA SOUND
Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:
MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER MHHW = 3.057
MEAN HIGH WATER MHW = 2.818
MEAN TIDE LEVEL MTL = 1.633
MEAN SEA LEVEL MSL = 1.622
MEAN LOW WATER MLW = 0.448
MEAN LOWER LOW WATER MLLW = 0.000
North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)
Bench Mark Elevation Information In METERS above:
Stamping or Designation MLLW MHW
CORN 2 1948 3.014 0.196
CORN 2 RM 2 1948 3.655 0.837
DRINK 2 1948 4.423 1.605
1741 A 2013 4.172 1.354
1741 B 2013 3.824 1.006
1741 C 2013 4.571 1.753
TIDAL 1 4.314 1.496
TIDAL 2 3.896 1.078
BRIAN 2005 3.632 0.814
Foot Notes:
Bench marks TIDAL 1 and TIDAL 2 are based on one differential leveling
connection and do not meet the quality control standards of the NOS. Therefore,
caution should be used when deriving elevations for these marks.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 8 of 8
Station ID: 9451741 PUBLICATION DATE: 07/14/2014
Name: WHITESTONE NARROWS, NEVA STRAIT
AK
NOAA Chart: 17324 Latitude: 57° 15.0' N ( 57.25000)
USGS Quad: SITKA A-5 Longitude: 135° 34.0' W (-135.56700)
D E F I N I T I O N S
Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch. It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).
NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint. NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights. Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded. NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads. NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929. Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.
The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.
The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum. As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.