U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
Datums Page                                                        Page  1 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9451346                         PUBLICATION DATE:  11/13/2003
Name:       PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS                 
            AK
NOAA Chart: 17375                           Latitude:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)
USGS Quad:  PETERSBURG (C-3)                Longitude: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


To reach the tidal bench marks from the Alaska State Ferry Terminal in
Petersburg, Alaska, proceed south on the Mitkof Highway for 14 km (9 mi) to
Papke's Landing Road. Turn right and proceed west on Papke's Landing Road for
0.8 km (0.5 mi) to its terminus. The tidal bench marks are located on the
eastern side of Wrangell Narrows on either side of the State Warf.


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                 PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING:  1346 E 2003
                         DESIGNATION:          945 1346 E

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        17257
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Boulder                               OPUS PID#: BBBC61
LATITUDE:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)          LONGITUDE: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


The bench mark is a disk set in the top of a large, flat topped boulder in SW
corner of a blast rock pile forming parking area/pull-off for a private gravel
road paralleling Wrangell Narrows, 53 m (174 ft) south of eastern end of state
wharf walkway, 48.31 m (158.5 ft) south of bench mark 1346 D 2003, and 9 m (30
ft) west of road centerline.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  2 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9451346                         PUBLICATION DATE:  11/13/2003
Name:       PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS                 
            AK
NOAA Chart: 17375                           Latitude:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)
USGS Quad:  PETERSBURG (C-3)                Longitude: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  1346 A 2003
                         DESIGNATION:          945 1346 A

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        17253
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Concrete boat ramp                    OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   56° 40.7' N (  56.67830)          LONGITUDE: 132° 56.1' W (-132.93500)


The bench mark is a disk set vertically in the southern edge of a concrete boat
ramp, 60 m (197 ft) north of the eastern end of the state wharf walkway, 30 m
(98 ft) SW of log sorting area, 25 m (81 ft) NW of bench mark 1346 B 2003, and
12 m (39 ft) west of the SE edge of the concrete boat ramp.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  1346 B 2003
                         DESIGNATION:          945 1346 B

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        17254
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Boulder                               OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   56° 40.7' N (  56.67830)          LONGITUDE: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


The bench mark is a disk set in top of the largest of two rounded boulders, 54 m
(178 ft) north of bench mark 1346 C 2003, 40 m (131 ft) north of eastern end of
state wharf walkway, 25 m (81 ft) SE of bench mark 1346 A 2003, 2 m (6 ft) west
of grass line, and slightly below apparent high water mark.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  3 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9451346                         PUBLICATION DATE:  11/13/2003
Name:       PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS                 
            AK
NOAA Chart: 17375                           Latitude:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)
USGS Quad:  PETERSBURG (C-3)                Longitude: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  1346 C 2003
                         DESIGNATION:          945 1346 C

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        17255
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Boulder                               OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)          LONGITUDE: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


The bench mark is a disk set in the top of a large, flat boulder in an area of
medium sized boulders on a cobble beach, 54 m (178 ft) south of bench mark 1346
B 2003, 12 m (39 ft) west of bench mark 1346 D 2003, 4 m (13 ft) south of
eastern end of state wharf walkway, 0.21 m (0.7 ft) south of an iron stem in
drill hole, and 8 m (26 ft) below high water line.  Note: The bench mark is
generally under water at high tide.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  1346 D 2003
                         DESIGNATION:          945 1346 D

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        17256
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Boulder                               OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)          LONGITUDE: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


The bench mark is a disk set in top of the easternmost large flat boulder in
cluster of three boulders at grass line, 48.31 m (158.5 ft) north of bench mark
1346 E 2003, 12 m (39 ft) east of bench mark 1346 C 2003, 5.00 m (16.4 ft) south
of eastern end of state wharf walkway, and 1 m (3 ft) north of 50 m (164 ft)
tall Sitka Spruce tree.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  4 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9451346                         PUBLICATION DATE:  11/13/2003
Name:       PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS                 
            AK
NOAA Chart: 17375                           Latitude:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)
USGS Quad:  PETERSBURG (C-3)                Longitude: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


                            T I D A L   D A T U M S 


Tidal datums at PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS based on:

     LENGTH OF SERIES:      2 MONTHS
     TIME PERIOD:           August 2003 - September 2003
     TIDAL EPOCH:           1983-2001
     CONTROL TIDE STATION:  9450460 KETCHIKAN, TONGASS NARROWS


Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:

     MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER                     MHHW   =  4.997
     MEAN HIGH WATER                            MHW    =  4.725
     MEAN TIDE LEVEL                            MTL    =  2.604
     MEAN SEA LEVEL                             MSL    =  2.603
     MEAN LOW WATER                             MLW    =  0.483
     MEAN LOWER LOW WATER                       MLLW   =  0.000

North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)

Bench Mark Elevation Information                In METERS above:

     Stamping or Designation                    MLLW        MHW

     1346 E 2003                                 5.442    0.717
     1346 A 2003                                 6.326    1.601
     1346 B 2003                                 5.481    0.756
     1346 C 2003                                 4.624   -0.101
     1346 D 2003                                 6.063    1.338


                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  5 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 9451346                         PUBLICATION DATE:  11/13/2003
Name:       PAPKE'S LANDING, WRANGELL NARROWS                 
            AK
NOAA Chart: 17375                           Latitude:   56° 40.6' N (  56.67670)
USGS Quad:  PETERSBURG (C-3)                Longitude: 132° 56.0' W (-132.93300)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch.  It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).

NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint.  NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights.  Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded.  NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads.  NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929.  Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.

The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.

The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum.  As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.