U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Datums Page Page 1 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
TO REACH THE NOS GAUGING STATION, IN LUDINGTON, MASON COUNTY, MICHIGAN, FROM THE
INTERSECTION OF HWY 10 (LUDINGTON AVE), AND WASHINGTON ST, PROCEED SOUTH ON
WASHINGTON ST FOR APPROX 0.80 KM (0.50 MI) TO THE INTERSECTION WITH LAKE ST,
THEN PROCEED WEST ON LAKE ST FOR APPROX 0.05 MILE, THEN PROCEED SOUTH ON
UNMARKED PAVED ROAD LEADING TO CITY OF LUDINGTON UTILITY DEPT AND THE NOS GAUGE
STATION.
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 2 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING: J 318 1984
DESIGNATION: J 318
MONUMENTATION: F VM#: 13186
AGENCY: National Geodetic Survey IDB PID#: OL0303
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94744) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44150)
The bench mark is a stainless steel rod 4.65m (15.26 ft) SE of the SE corner of
an asphalt parking lot area, 3.2m (10.5 ft) NNE of the NW corner of the gauge
house concrete foundation, 2.95m (9.68 ft) N of the N edge of the concrete
foundation of gauge house, with a 5-inch PVC pipe and aluminum access cover
stamped "J 318 1984", surrounded by concrete and flush with the ground.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 3 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 WALBAR
ALIAS: WALBAR
MONUMENTATION: Metal Rod VM#: 13187
AGENCY: IDB PID#: OL0304
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Bulkhead OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94694) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44222)
The bench mark is the top of a steel reinforcing rod projecting 1/4 of an inch
above the top of a concrete retaining wall on the E side of a boat slip, 80.19m
(263.09 ft) SSW of the SW corner of a yellow brick water plant building, 11.10m
(36.42 ft) SSW of the NE corner of the boat slip, 0.97m (3.18 ft) N of the SW
corner of a concrete retaining wall on the E side of a boat slip, the mark is
covered by a removable wooden walkway that runs along the bulkhead and boat
slip.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 4 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: LSTP 1950 RCH
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 LSTP
ALIAS: LSTP
MONUMENTATION: Survey disk VM#: 13188
AGENCY: US Lake Survey IDB PID#: OL0301
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Foundation wall OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 56.9' N ( 43.94778) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44181)
The bench mark is a disk set vertically in the W face of the yellow brick
building of the plant,11.12m NNE of a fire hydrant, 6.37m (20.90 ft) N of the SW
corner of the building, 6.37m (20.90 ft) S of the NW corner of the building.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 5 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 LAVINIA
ALIAS: LAVINIA
MONUMENTATION: Metal Rod VM#: 13189
AGENCY: National Geodetic Survey IDB PID#: OL0300
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Stainless steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 57.0' N ( 43.94947) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44203)
The bench mark is a one-inch diameter steel rod ten feet long and about 0.36
meters (1.18 ft) below the ground level, is located on the SE corner of Lavinia
St and Dowland St, 21.60m (70.87 ft) SE of a red fire hydrant, 10.21m (33.50 ft)
S of the center of Dowland Street, 9.22m (30.25 ft) E of the center of Lavinia
Street, 0.72m (2.36 ft) N of a power line pole, and 0.3m (1.0 ft) S of the S
edge of the Dowland Street sidewalk.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 6 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 7023 H 1991
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 H
ALIAS: 7023 H
MONUMENTATION: Bench Mark disk VM#: 13190
AGENCY: National Ocean Service (NOS) IDB PID#: AC8294
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Stainless steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 57.0' N ( 43.95050) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44214)
The bench mark is a disk on the NW corner of Lavina St and Melendy St, 8.15m
(26.74 ft) N of the centerline of E Melendy St, 7.10m (23.29 ft) W of centerline
of S Lavinia St., 0.85m (2.79 ft) E of center of light pole number 2 on the NW
corner, being top of a standard NOS disk 0.15m (0.49 ft) below the ground
surface, crimped to a stainless steel rod driven 10.36m (33.99 ft) to refusal,
and protected by a kick block and pvc pipe with metal access cover flush with
the ground.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 7 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 DISC USE
ALIAS: DISC
MONUMENTATION: Survey disk VM#: 13191
AGENCY: Army Corp of Engineers IDB PID#: OL0305
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Footing of building OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
The bench mark is a disk set in the extended top of the NW corner of the
foundation of the red brick water level gauge house, 41.35m (135.66 ft) S of the
SE corner of the yellow brick plant building, 2.46m (8.07 ft) W of the NE corner
of the gauge house, and 0.15m (0.49 ft) N of the NW corner of the gauge house.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 8 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: 908 7023 WINDOW
ALIAS: WINDOW
MONUMENTATION: Chiseled Square VM#: 13192
AGENCY: IDB PID#: OL0299
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Sandstone window sill OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 57.1' N ( 43.95167) LONGITUDE: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44156)
The bench mark is a one and one-half inch square formed by three cut lines in
the S edge of the window sill on top and at the E side of the sandstone window
sill of the Emanuel Lutheran Church, 33.17m (108.83 ft) NE from the center top
of a red fire hydrant at the NE corner of Lavinia and Danaher Streets, 13.71m
(44.98 ft) N of the centerline of Danaher Street, and 1.09m (3.58 ft) W of the
SE corner of the building.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 9 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
G R E A T L A K E S B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING:
DESIGNATION: J 315
MONUMENTATION: Metal Rod VM#: 21264
AGENCY: National Geodetic Survey IDB PID#: OL0306
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Stainless steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94686) LONGITUDE: 86° 25.8' W ( -86.43008)
The bench mark is a stainless steel rod 66.4m (218 ft) E of the center of Grant
St., 50.9m (167 ft) W of the center of Sherman St., 19.9m (65.4 ft) SW of the SW
corner of a brown wood frame house, 18.4m (60.3 ft) ESE of the SE corner of a
concrete block foundation garage, 7.8m (25.6 ft) N of the center of First St.,
4.99m (16.4 ft) E of the guy cable anchor to the unnumbered powerline pole,
0.76m (2.5 ft) WNW of a CATV underground cable junction box, 0.7m (2.3 ft) W of
the face of unnumbered powerline pole with a transformer, 0.7m (2.3 ft) WNW from
a wtiness post, protected by pvc sleeve with aluminum access cover.
Foot Notes:
Above marks are published for informational purposes only. Long term stability
has not been reviewed prior to publication.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 10 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
D E F I N I T I O N S
The International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD) is the vertical height reference
datum used in the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River System for engineering,
charting, channel dredging, navigation safety, power generation, and water
resource management. It is a coordinated datum between the United States and
Canada that ensures both countries are using the same reference for projects
in the Great Lakes basin. The datum origin, or zero, is defined as Mean Sea
Level at Pointe-au-Pere /Rimouski, Quebec, Canada at the mouth of the
St. Lawrence River. IGLD requires updating approximately every 25-30 years
to account for varying changes in the land surface elevations following the
retreat of the glaciers during the last ice age, referred to as Glacial
Isostatic Adjustment (GIA). The current IGLD 1985 was implemented in 1992.
IGLD 1985 uses dynamic heights as the vertical reference standard and lakes
station water level elevations are adjusted to provide a level geopotential
plane for lake level reference.
Dynamic height is the potential difference along the plumbline between the
vertical datum and a point of interest divided by a constant value of
gravity. In Canada and USA, the constant value of gravity is the
"normal gravity" on the ellipsoid at latitude 45° (9.806199 ms-2). Dynamic
heights have no geometric meaning. They are mainly used for the management
of water in large lakes, rivers and channels. The surface of a lake has a
constant dynamic height if undisturbed by currents, winds, atmospheric
pressure, etc.
The Hydraulic Corrector (HC) is the difference in the long term water level
mean between Subordinate and Master station. The difference (HC) is
subtracted algebraically at the subordinate gauge referencing the same
elevation as the master station. Thus all water levels on a given lake can
be referenced to the same lakes LWD/Chart Datum reference elevation.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 11 of 11
Station ID: 9087023 PUBLICATION DATE: 08/11/2017
Name: LUDINGTON, LAKE MICHIGAN
MI
NOAA Chart: 14937 Latitude: 43° 56.8' N ( 43.94736)
USGS Quad: Longitude: 86° 26.5' W ( -86.44161)
D E F I N I T I O N S
A Master Stations is the control point for determining water level
elevations on a particular lake of the Great Lakes. Since water surfaces
of the Great Lakes are considered to be at geopotential equal, all Mean
Water Level (MWL) values for stations on a particular lake should have the
same dynamic height. Therefore, all subordinate water level station MWL
values are adjusted to match the dynamic water level elevation of the Master
Station through the use of a hydraulic corrector. In the establishment of
International Great Lakes Datum (1985) the connecting waterways station
dynamic elevations were calculated through the use of a linear regression
while constraining the end points of the regression with the dynamic
elevations of the corresponding master station above and below the
connecting channel.
NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling
observations. Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski,
Canada was held fixed as the single initial constraint. NAVD88 replaces
NGVD29 as the national standard geodetic reference for heights. Bench mark
elevations relative toNAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide
Web at National Geodetic Survey.
The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.