U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
Datums Page                                                        Page  1 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


TO REACH THE NOS GAUGING STATION, IN PORT HURON, ST CLAIR COUNTY, MI, FROM THE
INTERSECTION OF M-25 (PINE GROVE) AND HANCOCK ST, PROCEED EAST ON HANCOCK FOR
0.80 MILE (1.29 KM) TO THE PROPERTY OF THE JAMES RIVER CORPORATION (FORMER DUNN
PAPER COMPANY), SOUTHEAST OF AND ON THE WEST BANK OF THE ST CLAIR RIVER FROM THE
JUNCTION OF RIVERVIEW AND OMAR STREETS, ON RIVER SIDE OF LARGE CORRUGATED STEEL
WAREHOUSE, OPPOSITE THE NORTHERLY SET OF SLIDING DOORS, THE GAUGE HOUSE IS A 3 X
2.5 X 8 FOOT (2.4 M) SHEET METAL HOUSE.


                    G R E A T  L A K E S   B E N C H   M A R K S


                 PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING:  OTTAWA 3060
                         DESIGNATION:          3060

MONUMENTATION:           Survey disk                           VM#:        13007
AGENCY:                  Geodetic Survey of Canada             IDB PID#:  NE0081
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Pier                                  OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   42° 59.9' N (  42.99911)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.5' W ( -82.42514)


The bench mark is a disk set vertically 0.46 m (1.51 ft) above the ground in the
S face and near SW corner of the massive concrete pier nearest the St Clair
river supporting the Blue Water Bridge, 31 m (101.7 ft) ESE of the centerline of
Thomas Edison Parkway, 11.2 m (36.7 ft) NE of the NE corner of a small concrete
block building which is the property of the U.S. Coast Guard, and 0.33 m (1.08
ft) E of the SW corner of the pier support.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  2 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


                    G R E A T  L A K E S   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:   
                         DESIGNATION:          901 4096 MALLARD

MONUMENTATION:           Chiseled Square                       VM#:        13008
AGENCY:                                                        IDB PID#:  OJ0005
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Dock                                  OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00311)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42236)


The bench mark is a chiseled square set on river side of large corrugated steel
warehouse, opposite the N set of sliding doors, 14.08 m (46.19 ft) S of junction
of the walls of the warehouse and the intake house wing, 4.97 m (16.31 ft) S of
N end of concrete dock, 2.19 m (7.19 ft) E of the center of the sliding doors,
being highest point in a 1-inch square cut in the top of the concrete cap of the
dock.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:   
                         DESIGNATION:          901 4096 BOLT

MONUMENTATION:           Bolt                                  VM#:        13009
AGENCY:                                                        IDB PID#:  OJ0006
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Anchor bolt                           OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00339)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42247)


The bench mark is a 1/2-inch steel bolt in top of the concrete foundation of a
concrete block warehouse, and is N of the entrance door which faces the river
and between a high concrete retaining wall and a large metal building for the
river intake pump house for the plant, note, a rough cut arrow is in the
concrete foundation below the bolt,  68.6 m (225.1 ft) S of SE leg of the water
tank, 46.0 m (150.9 ft) of the E edge of the concrete dock on the river, 15.25 m
(50.03 ft) W of the W face of the concrete retaining wall, 2.4 m (7.9 ft) N of
the N side of the entrance door of the warehouse, 1.7 ft (0.5 m) above ground.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  3 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


                    G R E A T  L A K E S   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:   
                         DESIGNATION:          901 4096 TANK

MONUMENTATION:           Bolt                                  VM#:        13010
AGENCY:                                                        IDB PID#:  OJ0007
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Anchor bolt                           OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00400)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42242)


The bench mark is set on top of the only 1 3/4-inch bolt in the SE leg of the
water tank for the plant, 10.25 m (33.63 ft) S of the center line of the N leg
on the water tower, 5.40 m (17.72 ft) N of the S corner of a building with a
sliding door, 3.30 m W of the center lane of the street, being the highest point
in a quadrant formed by two chiseled lines and the circumference of the bolt.
The mark is framed by 3/8-inch metal plate 0.3 m (1.0 ft) high.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4096 H 1990
                         DESIGNATION:          901 4096 H

MONUMENTATION:           Bench Mark disk                       VM#:        13012
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Survey                 IDB PID#:  AC9139
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Base for anchor monument              OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   43°  0.0' N (  43.00042)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.5' W ( -82.42478)


The bench mark is a disk set on the E side of Wright Ave, 75.00 m (246.06 ft) N
of the Blue Water Bridge on the NE corner of the John S. Martin anchor monument,
27.4 m (89.9 ft) E of the E curb of Wright Street, 14.6 m (47.9 ft) W of the W
rail of railroad, 1.4 m (4.6 ft) NE of the center of the anchor monument, being
disc set flush with the ground surface.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  4 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


                    G R E A T  L A K E S   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  D 238 1980
                         DESIGNATION:          D 238

MONUMENTATION:           Bench Mark disk                       VM#:        13013
AGENCY:                  National Geodetic Survey              IDB PID#:  NE0959
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:                                        OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   42° 59.9' N (  42.99906)          LONGITUDE:  82° 25.6' W ( -82.42633)


the bench mark is a disk on the E side of Wright St, set in top and in the
center of a 2-1/2 foot diameter cylindrical concrete mooring post, NE of the NE
corner of a small 6 x 6-foot concrete block building on the property of the U.S.
Coast Guard, 8.54 m (28.02 ft) SW of the SW corner of the S massive pier support
of the Blue Water Bridge, 6.8 m (22.3 ft) SE of the E rail of the Port Huron and
Detroit Railroad, 2.56 m (8.40 ft) NE of the NE corner of the concrete block
pump house, 0.9 m (3.0 ft) above the ground





Foot Notes:

Above marks are published for informational purposes only.  Long term stability
has not been reviewed prior to publication.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  5 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


The International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD) is the vertical height reference
datum used in the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River System for engineering,
charting, channel dredging, navigation safety, power generation, and water 
resource management. It is a coordinated datum between the United States and
Canada that ensures both countries are using the same reference for projects
in the Great Lakes basin. The datum origin, or zero, is defined as Mean Sea 
Level at Pointe-au-Pere /Rimouski, Quebec, Canada at the mouth of the 
St. Lawrence River. IGLD requires updating approximately every 25-30 years 
to account for varying changes in the land surface elevations following the 
retreat of the glaciers during the last ice age, referred to as Glacial 
Isostatic Adjustment (GIA). The current IGLD 1985 was implemented in 1992.

IGLD 1985 uses dynamic heights as the vertical reference standard and lakes
station water level elevations are adjusted to provide a level geopotential
plane for lake level reference.

Dynamic height is the potential difference along the plumbline between the 
vertical datum and a point of interest divided by a constant value of 
gravity. In Canada and USA, the constant value of gravity is the 
"normal gravity" on the ellipsoid at latitude 45° (9.806199 ms-2). Dynamic 
heights have no geometric meaning. They are mainly used for the management 
of water in large lakes, rivers and channels. The surface of a lake has a 
constant dynamic height if undisturbed by currents, winds, atmospheric 
pressure, etc.

The Hydraulic Corrector (HC) is the difference in the long term water level 
mean between Subordinate and Master station. The difference (HC) is 
subtracted algebraically at the subordinate gauge referencing the same 
elevation as the master station. Thus all water levels on a given lake can 
be referenced to the same lakes LWD/Chart Datum reference elevation.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  6 of  6

                                                                                
Station ID: 9014096                         PUBLICATION DATE:  08/11/2017
Name:       DUNN PAPER, ST. CLAIR RIVER                       
            MI
NOAA Chart: 14852                           Latitude:   43°  0.2' N (  43.00330)
USGS Quad:                                  Longitude:  82° 25.3' W ( -82.42170)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


A Master Stations is the control point for determining water level 
elevations on a particular lake of the Great Lakes.   Since water surfaces
of the Great Lakes are considered to be at geopotential equal, all Mean 
Water Level (MWL) values for stations on a particular lake should have the 
same dynamic height.  Therefore, all subordinate water level station MWL 
values are adjusted to match the dynamic water level elevation of the Master
Station through the use of a hydraulic corrector.  In the establishment of 
International Great Lakes Datum (1985) the connecting waterways station 
dynamic elevations were calculated through the use of a linear regression 
while constraining the end points of the regression with the dynamic 
elevations of the corresponding master station above and below the 
connecting channel.

NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling 
observations.  Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski,
Canada was held fixed as the single initial constraint.  NAVD88 replaces 
NGVD29 as the national standard geodetic reference for heights.  Bench mark 
elevations relative toNAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide 
Web at National Geodetic Survey.

The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.