U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
Datums Page                                                        Page  1 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8724571                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       FLEMING KEY, NORTH END                            
            FL
NOAA Chart: 11441                           Latitude:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)
USGS Quad:  KEY WEST                        Longitude:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


To reach the tidal bench marks from the intersection of US Highway 1 and Palm
Avenue in Key West, turn right on Palm Avenue and proceed 0.8 km (0.5 mi) to the
entrance of Tumbo Point Annex, turn right and go past the guard shack to an
intersection, turn left on Chevalier Avenue and proceed to a stop sign, then
turn right and continue over a bridge to another stop sign, then turn right and
follow the road for 2.7 km (1.7 mi) along the water to the entrance of the
Special Forces Under Water Training Facility and the small boat docks on the
right.  The bench marks are located in the nearby vicinity and the gauge was
located on the most northern finger pier.


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                 PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4571 A 2001
                         DESIGNATION:          872 4571 A

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16429
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Concrete bulkhead                     OPUS PID#: BBDF80
LATITUDE:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)          LONGITUDE:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


The primary bench mark is a disk set flush in a concrete bulkhead on the north
side of the small boat dock at the Special Forces Training Center, 20.60 m (67.6
ft) SW of the NE end of the dock, 3.35 m (11.0 ft) SE of the NE corner of the
concrete dock, and 0.32 m (1.0 ft) west of the east face of the bulkhead.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  2 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8724571                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       FLEMING KEY, NORTH END                            
            FL
NOAA Chart: 11441                           Latitude:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)
USGS Quad:  KEY WEST                        Longitude:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4571 B 2001
                         DESIGNATION:          872 4571 B

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16430
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Concrete bulkhead                     OPUS PID#: BBDF81
LATITUDE:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)          LONGITUDE:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


The bench mark is a disk set flush in the SE corner of the concrete bulkhead of
the small boat dock, 25.80 m (84.6 ft) east of the  centerline of the gravel
road leading to the dock, 21.46 m (70.4 ft) WSW of the NE corner of the dock,
and 3.50 m (11.5 ft) SE of the NW face of the dock.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4571 C 2001
                         DESIGNATION:          872 4571 C

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16431
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Concrete cistern                      OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)          LONGITUDE:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


The bench mark is set in the NE corner of a 2.2 x 7.3 m (7.2 x 24.0 ft) concrete
cistern SE of the small boat docks and near the water and obstacle course, 55.40
m (181.8 ft) NE of the centerline of the paved road leading to base,  30.65 m
(100.6 ft) SE of a square concrete pole next to the obstacle course, and 4.51 m
(14.8 ft) SW of the waterline.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  3 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8724571                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       FLEMING KEY, NORTH END                            
            FL
NOAA Chart: 11441                           Latitude:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)
USGS Quad:  KEY WEST                        Longitude:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4571 D 2001
                         DESIGNATION:          872 4571 D

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16432
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Concrete pad                          OPUS PID#: BBDF82
LATITUDE:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)          LONGITUDE:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


The bench mark is set flush in the NE corner of a pad for a green electrical
transformer, in the grass near the small boat dock, 26.00 m (85.3 ft) SE of the
most eastern gate post of the most northern gate, and 13.30 m (43.6 ft) east of
the centerline of the paved road leading to base.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4571 E 2001
                         DESIGNATION:          872 4571 E

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:        16433
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:        
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Building foundation                   OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)          LONGITUDE:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


The bench mark is a disk set flush in a concrete foundation on the south side of
Building KW 700, 32.30 m (106.0 ft) NW of a chainlink fence, 20.20 m (66.3 ft)
NE of the paved road leading into base, 3.00 m (9.8 ft) SE of the NE corner of
the building, and 2.80 m (9.2 ft) ESE of the face of the building.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  4 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8724571                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       FLEMING KEY, NORTH END                            
            FL
NOAA Chart: 11441                           Latitude:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)
USGS Quad:  KEY WEST                        Longitude:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


                            T I D A L   D A T U M S 


Tidal datums at FLEMING KEY, NORTH END based on:

     LENGTH OF SERIES:      2 Months
     TIME PERIOD:           April 2001 - May 2001
     TIDAL EPOCH:           1983-2001
     CONTROL TIDE STATION:  8724580 KEY WEST


Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:

     MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER                     MHHW   =  0.443
     MEAN HIGH WATER                            MHW    =  0.364
     MEAN SEA LEVEL                             MSL    =  0.216
     MEAN TIDE LEVEL                            MTL    =  0.211
     MEAN LOW WATER                             MLW    =  0.057
     MEAN LOWER LOW WATER                       MLLW   =  0.000

North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)

Bench Mark Elevation Information                In METERS above:

     Stamping or Designation                    MLLW        MHW

     4571 A 2001                                 1.065    0.701
     4571 B 2001                                 0.915    0.551
     4571 C 2001                                 1.590    1.226
     4571 D 2001                                 1.447    1.083
     4571 E 2001                                 1.900    1.537


                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  5 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8724571                         PUBLICATION DATE:  04/21/2003
Name:       FLEMING KEY, NORTH END                            
            FL
NOAA Chart: 11441                           Latitude:   24° 35.5' N (  24.59170)
USGS Quad:  KEY WEST                        Longitude:  81° 47.7' W ( -81.79500)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch.  It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).

NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint.  NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights.  Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded.  NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads.  NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929.  Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.

The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.

The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum.  As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.