U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
Datums Page                                                        Page  1 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8664545                         PUBLICATION DATE:  06/27/2018
Name:       CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER                              
            SC
NOAA Chart: 11524                           Latitude:   32° 55.6' N (  32.92670)
USGS Quad:  CAINHOY                         Longitude:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


To reach the tidal bench marks fron the intersection of U.S. Highway 17 and
State Highway 41, proceed NW on State Highway 41 for 8.9 km (5.5 mi) to the
junction with Clements Ferry Road in Cainhoy, then turn left and proceed east on
Clements Ferry Road for 0.8 km (0.5 mi) to Fogarty Lane, then turn left and
proceed south on Fogarty Lane for 0.5 km (0.3 mi) to the in Wando.  The bench
marks are along the shore.  The tide gage and staff were on the pier behind the
Cox residence. 


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                 PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4545 A 1976
                         DESIGNATION:          866 4545 A TIDAL

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:         4061
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Survey (NOS)           IDB PID#:  CJ0501
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Copper-clad steel rod                 OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   32° 55.7' N (  32.92830)          LONGITUDE:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


The primary bench mark is a disk located at the inshore end of the pier behind
the Cox residence, 10.15 m (33.3 ft) NNE of a power pole on the pier with spot
lights on it, 9.78 m (32.1 ft) NNE of the end of the pier, 8.69 m (28.5 ft) east
of a 0.61 m (2.0 ft) diameter pecan tree, 6.34 m (20.8 ft) SE of a 0.46 m (1.5
ft) diameter magnolia tree, 4.36 m (14.3 ft) west of the edge of the marsh, and
0.98 m (3.2 ft) west of a witness post with sign.  The bench mark is set 0.55 m
(1.8 ft) below the ground, crimped to the top of a copper-clad steel rod driven
6.7 m (22 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 4-inch PVC pipe and concrete
kickblock.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  2 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8664545                         PUBLICATION DATE:  06/27/2018
Name:       CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER                              
            SC
NOAA Chart: 11524                           Latitude:   32° 55.6' N (  32.92670)
USGS Quad:  CAINHOY                         Longitude:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4545 C 1976
                         DESIGNATION:          866 4545 C TIDAL

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:         4062
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Survey (NOS)           IDB PID#:  CJ0504
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Copper-clad steel rod                 OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   32° 55.7' N (  32.92830)          LONGITUDE:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


The bench mark is a disk located about 91 m (300 ft) south of the Post Office,
15 m (49 ft) ESE of the SE corner of the porch of a one-story wood frome house
with brick foundation, 9.94 m (32.6 ft) SE of a 0.46 m (1.5 ft) diameter pecan
tree in the yard of a private residence, 3.57 m (11.7 ft) west of the center-
line of State Road S-8-26, 1.52 m (5.0 ft) north of the corner post of a wire
link fence, and 1.04 m (3.4 ft) north of power pole #177455. The bench mark is
level with the ground, crimped to the top of a copper-clad steel rod driven 9.8
m (32 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 4-inch PVC pipe and concrete kickblock.



                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4545 D 1976
                         DESIGNATION:          866 4545 D TIDAL

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:         4063
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Survey (NOS)           IDB PID#:  CJ0502
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Copper-clad steel rod                 OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   32° 55.7' N (  32.92830)          LONGITUDE:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


The bench mark is a disk located at the south end of Fogarty Lane, about 229 m
(750 ft) south of the Post Office, 46 m (150 ft) west of the end of State Road
S-8-26, 4.30 m (14.1 ft) NW of a 0.76 m (2.5 ft) diameter oak tree, 2.41 m (7.9
ft) south of the centerline of a dirt road, and 0.88 m (2.9 ft) SW of power pole
#188980.  The bench mark is level with the ground, crimped to the top of a
copper-clad steel rod driven 8.2 m (27 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 4-inch
PVC pipe and concrete kickblock.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  3 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8664545                         PUBLICATION DATE:  06/27/2018
Name:       CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER                              
            SC
NOAA Chart: 11524                           Latitude:   32° 55.6' N (  32.92670)
USGS Quad:  CAINHOY                         Longitude:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


                         T I D A L   B E N C H   M A R K S


                         BENCH MARK STAMPING:  4545 E 1982
                         DESIGNATION:          866 4545 E 1982

MONUMENTATION:           Tidal Station disk                    VM#:         4064
AGENCY:                  National Ocean Service (NOS)          IDB PID#:  CJ0500
SETTING CLASSIFICATION:  Stainless steel rod                   OPUS PID:        
LATITUDE:   32° 55.7' N (  32.92830)          LONGITUDE:  79° 49.9' W ( -79.83170)


The bench mark is a disk located at a power pole across the road from the Post
Office, 38.22 m (125.4 ft) ENE of the NE corner of the Post Office, 33 m (108
ft) NNE of power pole #34344, 27.04 m (88.7 ft) SE of Fogarty Lane, 0.76 m (2.5
ft) south of power pole #34306, and 0.3 m (1.0 ft) west of a witness post with
sign. The bench mark is level with the ground, crimped to the top of a stainless
steel rod driven 9.8 m (32 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 5-inch PVC pipe and
concrete kickblock.

                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  4 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8664545                         PUBLICATION DATE:  06/27/2018
Name:       CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER                              
            SC
NOAA Chart: 11524                           Latitude:   32° 55.6' N (  32.92670)
USGS Quad:  CAINHOY                         Longitude:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


                            T I D A L   D A T U M S 


Tidal datums at CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER based on:

     LENGTH OF SERIES:      2 YEARS
     TIME PERIOD:           5/1/1988 - 4/30/1989 ; 5/1/1997 - 4/30/1998
     TIDAL EPOCH:           1983-2001
     CONTROL TIDE STATION:  8665530 CHARLESTON, COOPER RIVER ENTRANCE


Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:

     HIGHEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (02/27/1998)         =  2.525
     MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER                     MHHW   =  1.998
     MEAN HIGH WATER                            MHW    =  1.893
     North American Vertical Datum              NAVD88 =  1.092
     MEAN SEA LEVEL                             MSL    =  1.079
     MEAN TIDE LEVEL                            MTL    =  0.976
     MEAN LOW WATER                             MLW    =  0.059
     MEAN LOWER LOW WATER                       MLLW   =  0.000
     LOWEST  OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (04/07/1989)         = -0.870

North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)

Bench Mark Elevation Information                In METERS above:

     Stamping or Designation                    MLLW        MHW

     4545 A 1976                                 2.501    0.608
     4545 C 1976                                 5.360    3.467
     4545 D 1976                                 4.784    2.891
     4545 E 1982                                 5.579    3.686


                          U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                            National Ocean Service
                                                                   Page  5 of  5

                                                                                
Station ID: 8664545                         PUBLICATION DATE:  06/27/2018
Name:       CAINHOY, WANDO RIVER                              
            SC
NOAA Chart: 11524                           Latitude:   32° 55.6' N (  32.92670)
USGS Quad:  CAINHOY                         Longitude:  79° 49.8' W ( -79.83000)


                             D E F I N I T I O N S


Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch.  It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).

NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint.  NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights.  Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded.  NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads.  NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929.  Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at 
National Geodetic Survey.

NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.

The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.

The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum.  As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.