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Datums Page Page 1 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
To reach the tidal bench marks from the Methodist Church in Duck, proceed north
along County Road 1152 for 1.6 km (1.0 mi) to the U.S. Corps of Engineers
Coastal Engineering Research Center. The bench marks are located on the pier,
in the parking lot, and along the pier access road. The tide gages are located
on the offshore end of the pier in the NDBC trailer.
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
PRIMARY BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 B 1977
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 B TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 522
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0688
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Galvanized steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 10.9' N ( 36.18222) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75167)
The primary bench mark is a disk located on the north side of the concrete ramp
for access to the concrete platform around the Research Center Office Building
and the pier, 31.09 m (102.0 ft) north of the center of the paved access road,
13.41 m (44.0 ft) NE of the west end of the NW corner of the concrete ramp, 3.35
m (11.0 ft) NW of the NW corner of a 1 m x 1 m (3 ft x 3 ft) concrete tower
foundation (abandoned), and 0.30 m (0.98 ft) south of a witness post. The bench
mark is set 15 cm (0.5 ft) above ground level, crimped to the end of a copper
clad rod driven 7.3 m (24 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 6-inch PVC pipe
protruding 0.20 m (0.66 ft) above ground and concrete kickblock.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 2 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 A 1977
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 A TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 523
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0691
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete pier abutment OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18331) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a disk set vertically and centered in the south face of the
first concrete abutment of the pier and mostly covered by 3 PVC pipes coming
down from the pier, 3.66 m (12.0 ft) NW of the NW corner of a 2 m (6 ft) high
chain link fence, and 0.91 m (3.0 ft) above the ground. NOTE: the mark is
totally covered by three pipes coming down from the pier and is inaccessible for
leveling.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 C 1977
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 C TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 524
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0686
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Copper-clad steel rod OPUS PID#: FW0686
LATITUDE: 36° 10.9' N ( 36.18169) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.3' W ( -75.75500)
The bench mark is a disk located approximately half-way between the entrance
gate on Highway 1152 and the gate to the facility, 91.41 m (299.9 ft) west of
an information gazebo, 30.66 m (101.0 ft) NNW of the center of the paved road,
25 m (82 ft) north of the north edge of the paved access road, and 0.49 m (1.6
ft) SSE of a wooden witness post with sign. The bench mark is set 23 cm (0.8
ft) above ground level, crimped to the top of a galvanized steel rod driven 9.8
m (32 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 6-inch PVC pipe and concrete kickblock.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 3 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 D 1977
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 D TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 525
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0685
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Galvanized steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 10.9' N ( 36.18169) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.4' W ( -75.75669)
The bench mark is a disk located in the NE quadrant of the intersection of
County Road 1152 and the entrance road to the pier, 30.48 m (100.0 ft) east of
the center line of County Road 1152, 30.48 m (100.0 ft) north of the center of
the access road, 23.77 m (78.0 ft) NE of the east leg of a wooden sign for the
Research Center, and 0.60 m (2.0 ft) south of a wooden witness post with sign.
The bench mark is set 18 cm (0.6 ft) above ground level, crimped to the top of a
galvanized steel rod driven 7.3 m (24 ft) to refusal, and encased in a 6-inch
PVC pipe and concrete kickblock.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 E 1979
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 E TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 526
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0683
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Galvanized steel rod OPUS PID#: FW0683
LATITUDE: 36° 10.8' N ( 36.18000) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.4' W ( -75.75669)
The bench mark is a disk located in the SE quadrant of the junction of County
Road 1152 and the access road to the pier, 22.16 m ( 72.7 ft) east of the
centerline of County Road 1152, 20.18 m (66.2 ft) south of the center of the
access road, 14.20 m (46.6 ft) ESE of a fire hydrant, and 0.46 m (1.5 ft) west
of a witness post. The bench mark is projecting 3 cm (0.1 ft) above ground
level, crimped to the top of a copper-clad steel rod driven 7.3 m (24 ft), and
encased in a 6-inch PVC pipe and concrete kickblock.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 4 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 G 1980
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 G TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 528
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0692
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete pier platform OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18331) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a disk set in top of the SE corner of the concrete platform of
the pier which also encloses the office building of the Research Center, 17.10 m
(56.1 ft) south of the center of the pier, 7.92 m (26.0 ft) SE of the SE corner
of the office building, and 0.79 m (2.6 ft) NW of the SE corner post of the
metal pipe railing around the platform.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 H 1980
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 H TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 529
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0689
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete pier platform OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18331) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a disk set in the top of the NE corner of the concrete
platform of the pier which also encloses the office building of the Research
Center, 22.50 m (73.8 ft) north of the center of the pier, 10.81 m (35.5 ft) NE
of the NE corner of the office building, and 0.82 m (2.7 ft) SW of the NE corner
post of a metal pipe railing around the platform.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 5 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 J 1980
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 J TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 530
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0687
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Retaining wall OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18331) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a disk set in the top of the SE corner of the concrete
retaining wall of an asphalt ramp abutting the concrete ramp of the Research
Center for access to the platform around the Research Center and the pier, 17.72
m (58.1 ft) north of the center of the paved access road of the Research Center,
and 2.74 m (9.0 ft) east of the west end of the south retaining wall of the
asphalt ramp.
BENCH MARK STAMPING: 1370 K 1980
DESIGNATION: 865 1370 K TIDAL
MONUMENTATION: Tidal Station disk VM#: 531
AGENCY: National Ocean Survey (NOS) IDB PID#: FW0690
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Concrete pier deck OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18331) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a disk set in top of the south side of the Research Center
pier, 5.97 m (19.6 ft) east of NO 1380 painted horizontally at 12.19 m (40 ft)
intervals along the pier, and 0.68 m (2.23 ft) SW of the SW rail of a road track
along the pier.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 6 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L B E N C H M A R K S
BENCH MARK STAMPING: C 255 1981
DESIGNATION: C 255
MONUMENTATION: Flange-encased Rod VM#: 13777
AGENCY: National Geodetic Survey (NGS) IDB PID#: FW0693
SETTING CLASSIFICATION: Stainless steel rod OPUS PID:
LATITUDE: 36° 10.9' N ( 36.18169) LONGITUDE: 75° 45.1' W ( -75.75169)
The bench mark is a flange-encased rod located on the west side of the large
metal flag pole for the Research Center building, 4.57 m (15.0 ft) SW of the SW
corner of the bottom concrete entrance step of the north entrance steps of the
building, 4.48 m (14.7 ft) NW of the NW corner of the bottom concrete entrance
step of the south entrance steps of the building, and 0.82 m (2.7 ft) west of
the flag pole. The datum point is the top of a stainless steel rod driven 9.7 m
(32 ft) to refusal, encased in an NGS logo cap.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 7 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
T I D A L D A T U M S
Tidal datums at DUCK, FRF PIER based on:
LENGTH OF SERIES: 19 YEARS
TIME PERIOD: January 1983 - December 2001
TIDAL EPOCH: 1983-2001
CONTROL TIDE STATION:
Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS:
HIGHEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (09/18/2003) = 2.383
MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER MHHW = 1.124
MEAN HIGH WATER MHW = 1.026
North American Vertical Datum NAVD88 = 0.667
MEAN SEA LEVEL MSL = 0.539
MEAN TIDE LEVEL MTL = 0.535
MEAN LOW WATER MLW = 0.044
MEAN LOWER LOW WATER MLLW = 0.000
LOWEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (03/16/1980) = -0.811
North American Vertical Datum (NAVD88)
Bench Mark Elevation Information In METERS above:
Stamping or Designation MLLW MHW
1370 B 1977 4.398 3.371
1370 A 1977 6.730 5.704
1370 C 1977 6.296 5.269
1370 D 1977 2.935 1.909
1370 E 1979 2.181 1.155
1370 G 1980 8.053 7.026
1370 H 1980 8.039 7.012
1370 J 1980 5.899 4.873
1370 K 1980 8.122 7.095
C 255 1981 5.815 4.789
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Page 8 of 8
Station ID: 8651370 PUBLICATION DATE: 09/27/2011
Name: DUCK, FRF PIER
NC
NOAA Chart: 12204 Latitude: 36° 11.0' N ( 36.18333)
USGS Quad: KITTY HAWK Longitude: 75° 44.8' W ( -75.74667)
D E F I N I T I O N S
Mean Sea Level (MSL) is a tidal datum determined over a 19-year National Tidal
Datum Epoch. It pertains to local mean sea level and should not be confused
with the fixed datums of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).
NAVD88 is a fixed datum derived from a simultaneous, least squares, minimum
constraint adjustment of Canadian/Mexican/United States leveling observations.
Local mean sea level observed at Father Point/Rimouski, Canada was held fixed as
the single initial constraint. NAVD88 replaces NGVD29 as the national
standard geodetic reference for heights. Bench mark elevations relative to
NAVD88 are available from NGS through the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NGVD29 is a fixed datum adopted as a national standard geodetic reference for
heights but is now considered superseded. NGVD29 is sometimes referred to as
Sea Level Datum of 1929 or as Mean Sea Level on some early issues of Geological
Survey Topographic Quads. NGVD29 was originally derived from a general
adjustment of the first-order leveling networks of the U.S. and Canada after
holding mean sea level observed at 26 long term tide stations as fixed.
Numerous local and wide-spread adjustments have been made since establishment in
1929. Bench mark elevations relative to NGVD29 are available from the National
Geodetic Survey (NGS) data base via the World Wide Web at
National Geodetic Survey.
NAVD88 and NGVD29 are fixed geodetic datums whose elevation relationships to
local MSL and other tidal datums may not be consistent from one location to
another.
The Vertical Mark Number (VM#) and PID# shown on the bench mark sheet are unique
identifiers for bench marks in the tidal and geodetic databases, respectively.
Each bench mark in either database has a single, unique VM# and/or PID# assigned.
Where both VM# and PID# are indicated, both tidal and geodetic elevations are
available for the bench mark listed. The NGS's Integrated Data Base (IDB PID)
provides geodetic datum based on traditionally leveled and bluebooked ties to
the National Spatial Reference System(NSRS) https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datasheets/.
The NGS Online Positioning User Service (OPUS PID) provides geodetic datum based
on GPS position & tie it to the NSRS https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/.
The NAVD88 elevation is shown on the Elevations of Tidal Datums Table Referred
to MLLW only when two or more of the bench marks listed have NAVD88 elevations.
The NAVD88 elevation relationship shown in the table is derived from an average
of several bench mark elevations relative to tide station datum. As a result of
this averaging, NAVD88 bench mark elevations computed indirectly from the tidal
datums elevation table may differ slightly from NAVD88 elevations listed for
each bench mark in the NGS database.